In this lesson, you’ll learn about common mistakes when using nouns, especially non-count nouns. We’ll cover typical errors, how to avoid them, and provide examples to help you understand these concepts better. You’ll also learn about non-count nouns ending in ‘s’, plural non-count nouns, bipartite nouns, and examples with their meanings in Urdu.
Errors in the use of Nouns
- Non-Count Nouns Ending ‘s’
Some non-count nouns end in ‘s’ but are grammatically singular. They include names of some school / university subjects, physical activities, diseases, and games.
1۔
کچھ
Non-count
‘s’
پر ختم ہوتے ہیں۔ دیکھنے میں جمع لگتے ہیں کیونکہ ان کے آخر پر
‘s’
لگا ہوتا ہے۔
لیکن استعمال میں واحد ہوتے ہیں۔ ان میں عام طور پر سکول یا کالج میں پڑھائے جانے والے مضامین، جسمانی مشاغل، بیماریاں اور کھیلیں شامل ہوتے ہیں۔
School / University Subjects:
- Civics
- Classics (قدیم یونانی اور لاطینی ادب)
- Economics
- Ethics
- Maths / Mathematics
- Mechanics
- Physics
- Politics
- Statistics
Physical Activities:
- Athletics
- Aerobics
- Gymnastics
Diseases:
- Shingles
- Measles
- Mumps
Games:
- Bowls
- Billiards
- Darts
- Draughts
- Dominoes
Note: News is another words that ends in ‘s’ but is used as singular.
| Incorrect | Correct |
| 1. Economics are a difficult subject. | Economics is a difficult subject. |
| 2. Aerobics are really popular these days, particularly with older people. | Aerobics is really popular these days, particularly with older people. |
| 3. Billiards are a very interesting game. | Billiards is a very interesting game. |
| 4. These news are not so good. | This news is not so good. |
| 5. Shingles lay you low for anything up to six months. | Shingles lays you low for anything up to six months. |
Special Note: These words generally take singular verbs, however exceptionally, Plural Verbs may occur with such nouns when the noun phrase has a more specific reference.
Plural Non-count Nouns Words List
The following commonly occurring non-count nouns are always grammatically plural.
The list of such words is given below:
- Belongings (آثاثہ، سامان)
- Congratulations (مبارکباد دینا)
- Credentials (تصدیق نامے، اسناد وغیرہ)
- Dregs (بچھی کچھی اشیاء)
- Earnings (کمائی)
- Goods (سامان، اشیاء)
- Likes (پسند، اس طرح، اس طریقے سے)
- Mains (دیوار پر کوئی جگہ جہاں پر بجلی کی سپلائی کیلئے کوئی پوائنٹ رکھا گیا ہو)
- Outskirts (مضافات شہر، شہر کے اردگرد کا علاقہ)
- Particulars (کسی شخص یا شے کے بارے کے متعلق تفصیلات)
- Pictures (Cinema)
- Premises (Buildings)
- Proceedings (کارروائی)
- Proceeds (کسی کاروبار میں حاصل ہونے والی رقم)
- Remains (آثار قدیمہ)
- Riches (دولت)
- Savings (Money)
- Stairs (سیڑھیاں)
- Surroundings (قرب و جوار)
- Thanks (شکریہ)
- Nouns having two parts usually take plural verbs. They include instruments, garments and tools.
Bipartite Nouns: ایسے اسم جن کے دو حصے ہوں
Instruments:
- Binoculars (دونوں آنکھوں سے دیکھنے والی دوربین)
- Glasses (عینک)
- Goggles (آنکھوں کے گرد روشنی اور پانی سے بچانے والا چشمہ)
- Head phones (سر فون)
- Spectacles (عینک)
- Scales (ترازو)
Garments:
- Briefs (زنانہ جانگھیا نما پتلون یا مردوں کا زیر جامہ)
- Breeches (گھٹنے سے نیچے ٹانگوں کو ڈھکنے والا لباس)
- Jeans (جین کی بنی ہوئی پتلون)
- Overalls (کپڑوں کو گردوغبار اور نمی سے بچانے والا اوپری لباس)
- Pants
- Shorts (گھٹنے تک یا اس سے اوپر کا ترپوش)
- Trousers
- Underpants (زیر جامہ)
Tools:
- Pincers (سنسی، کیل اکھاڑنے کیلئے اوزار)
- Pliers (پلاس)
- Scissors (قینچی)
- Tongs (چمٹا)
- Tweezers (موچنا)
- Shears (کترن، قینچی)
In order to refer to more than one example of this type of noun the portative expression a pair of / pair is commonly used.
اوپر درج شدہ الفاظ کے ساتھ ہم عام طور پر
Pair of / Pairs
کا لفظ استعمال کریں۔
For Examples:
- I bought a trousers. (Incorrect)
- I bought a pair of trousers. (Correct)
- I bought four pairs of trousers. (Correct)
| Incorrect | Correct |
| 1. Congratulation on your success in business. | Congratulations on your success in business. |
| 2. The outskirts of the city is dull. | The outskirts of the city are dull. |
| 3. The proceeds of the concert is all going to charity. | The proceeds of the concert are all going to charity. |
| 4. The particular of the new teacher is not correct. | The particulars of the new teacher are not correct. |
Plural Words or Fixed Expressions
- Odds and ends: (بچی کچھی اشیاء۔ متفرق اشیاء)
Example: Put all the odds and ends on the table.
- Grounds: (وجہ)
She has no grounds for a divorce.
- Surroundings:
For Example: the surroundings here are magnificent.
- Contents: (مواد)
Example: The contents are shown on the first page.
- Take pains: (محنت کرنا)
For Example: she always takes pains to speak well.
- Regards: (آداب)
Example: Give my regards to your sister.
- Congratulations: (مبارک باد)
Example: Please accept my sincere congratulations.
- Plastics
Example: They work in a plastics factory.
- The proceeds: (کسی کاروبار میں حاصل ہونے والی رقم)
Example: The proceeds are to be sent to a charity house.
- Sometimes
Example: Sometimes, she helps me with my work.
- As follows
Example: The method is as follows.
- Make friends with
Example: I’ll soon make friends with him.
- Earnings
Example: His earnings fell because of the strike.
- Belongings
Example: Whose belongings are these?
- Alms: (خیرات)
Example: Alms are given to the poor.
- In arrears
Example: They are in arrears with their rent.
- Nowadays
Example: Nowadays not many peoples smoke cigarettes.
Words That Keep “S” But Are Singular
- Measles: (خسرہ)
Example: Measles is a dangerous disease for children.
- Mumps: (کن پیڑے)
Example: Mumps is an infectious disease.
- A lens
Example: The lens in this camera has a crack in it.
- A means: (ذریعہ)
Example: It is a means to an end.
- A summons: (عدالتی بلاوا)
Example: This summons is from High Court, and so you must obey it.
- A gallows: (پھانسی کا تختہ)
Example: He was hanged on a gallows.
- An innings
Example: This inning is the most important one in the game.
- To make friends
Note: This expression to make friends with is fixed. We cannot omit the ‘s’ even when we refer to only one new friend. This is a new girl in our class. I have made friends with her.
ہمیشہ
Make friends
لکھیں۔ چاہے ایک شخص کے ساتھ دوستی کرنی ہو۔
